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The Chicago Manual of Style

Bibliographic Format for References

Based on the The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed., 2003.
Copy available at Main Reference, Call Number: Z253.U69 2003, (--behind the reference desk)
Another copy is available at the Science Reference Desk, Call Number: Z253.U69 2003.

The Chicago Manual of Style allows for two different types of reference styles: the Author-Date System and the Documentary-Note (or Humanities) Style. Traditionally, those in the humanities and social sciences use the Documentary-Note Style, and those in the sciences use the Author-Date System. Examples of both are below. To see more examples of different types of materials and the way to cite them, please see either chapter 17 in the print version or consult the guide to Chicago Documentation at The Writing Center at University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Author-Date System

Book - single author
Citation in Text

(Holmlund 2002)

Reference List Form

Holmlund, C. 2002. Impossible bodies: feminity and masculinity at the movies. New York: Routledge.


Book - more than one author
Citation in Text

(Craton and Saunders 1992)

Reference List Form

Craton, M. and G. Saunders. 1992. Islanders in the Stream: A history of the Bahamian people. Athens: University of Georgia Press.


Chapter from a book
Citation in Text

(Repgen 1992)

Reference List Form

Repgen, K. 1987. What is a 'Religious War'? In Politics and society in Reformation Europe, edited by E. I. Kouri and T. Scott, 311-328. London: Macmillan.


Article from journal
Citation in Text

(Herring 1998)

Reference List Form

Herring, G. 1998. The Beguiled: Misogynist myth or feminist fable? Literature Film Quarterly 26 (3): 214-219.


Article from electronic journal - accessed through a database
Citation in Text

(Yin 2003)

Reference List Form

Yin, Sandra. 2003. Color bind. American Demographics 25, (7): 22-26. Academic Search Premier, via Galileo, http://www.galileo.usg.edu


Newspaper article - no author
Citation in Text

(Chicago Tribune 1994)

Reference List Form

Chicago Tribune. 1994. Gun injuries take financial toll on hospitals, February 24.


Newspaper article - from an electronic database
Citation in Text

(Satel 2003)

Reference List Form

Satel, Sally. "OxyContin half-truths can cause suffering." USA Today, October 27, 2003, final edition, Lexis-Nexis, via Galileo, http://www.galileo.usg.edu


Encyclopedia article
Citation in Text

"In the fifteenth edition of the New Encyclopedia Britannica, Guido Gergorietti notes about dress and adornment..."

Reference List Form no entry ["Well-known reference books, such as major dictionaries and encyclopedias, are normally cited in notes rather than bibliographies" p. 715]

Website (or part of a website)*
Citation in Text

(University of Georgia)

Reference List Form

University of Georgia, "Points of Pride," University of Georgia, http://www.uga.edu/profile/pride.html

  *"For original content from online sources other than periodicals, include as much of the following as can be determined: author of the content, title of the page, title or owner of the site, URL." -- If this is difficult to determine, please feel free to ask a librarian for help with identification.



Documentary-Note Style

Book - single author
Footnote form
(first footnote)

2. Chris Holmlund, Impossible Bodies: Femininity and Masculinity at the Movies (New York: Routledge, 2002), 159.

Bibliographic form

Holmlund, Chris. ImpossibleBodies: Femininity and Masculinity at the Movies. New York: Routledge, 2002.


Book - more than one author
Footnote form
(first footnote)

1. Michael Craton and Gail Saunders, Islanders in the Stream: A History of the Bahamian People (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992), 24.

Bibliographic form

Craton, M. and G. Saunders. Islanders in the Stream: A History of the Bahamian People. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992.


Chapter from a book
Footnote form
(first footnote)

1. Konrad Repgen, "What is a 'Religious War'?" in Politics and Society in Reformation Europe, ed. E. I. Kouri and Tom Scott, 324 (London: Macmillan, 1987).

Bibliographic form

Repgen, Konrad. "What is a 'Religious War'?" In Politics and Society in Reformation Europe, edited by E. I. Kouri and Tom Scott, 311-328. London: Macmillan, 1987.


Article from journal
Footnote form
(first footnote)

1. Gina Herring, "The Beguiled: Misogynyist Myth or Feminist Fable?" Literature Film Quarterly 26, no. 3 (1998): 216.

Bibliographic form

Herring, Gina. "The Beguiled: Misogynist Myth or Feminist Fable?" Literature Film Quarterly 26, no. 3 (1998): 214-219.


Article from electronic journal - accessed through a database
Footnote form
(first footnote)

3. Sandra Yin, "Color Bind," American Demographics, 25, no. 7 (2003). Academic Search Premier, via Galileo, http://www.galileo.usg.edu

Bibliographic form

Yin, Sandra. "Color Bind." American Demographics 25, no. 7 (2003): 22-26. Academic Search Premier, via Galileo, http://www.galileo.usg.edu


Newspaper article - no author
Footnote form
(first footnote)

1. Chicago Tribune, "Gun Injuries Take Financial Toll on Hospitals," sec. 1, February 24, 1994.

Bibliographic form

Chicago Tribune, "Gun Injuries Take Financial Toll on Hospitals," February 24, 1994.


Newspaper article - from an electronic database
Footnote form
(first footnote)

4. Salley Satel, "Oxy-Contin Half-truths Can Cause Suffering," USA Today, October 27, 2003, final edition, Lexis-Nexis, via Galileo, http://www.galileo.usg.edu

Bibliographic form

Satel, Sally. "OxyContin Half-Truths Can Cause Suffering." USA Today, October 27, 2003, final edition. Lexis-Nexis, via Galileo, http://www.galileo.usg.edu


Encyclopedia article
Footnote form
(first footnote)

1. The New Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th ed., s.v. "dress and adornment."

Bibliographic form no entry ["Well-known reference books, such as major dictionaries and encyclopedias, are normally cited in notes rather than bibliographies" p. 715]

Website (or part of a website)*
Footnote form
(first footnote)

16. University of Georgia, "Points of Pride," University of Georgia, http://www.uga.edu/profile/pride.html (accessed October 30, 2003).

Bibliographic form

University of Georgia, "Points of Pride," University of Georgia, http://www.uga.edu/profile/pride.html

*"For original content from online sources other than periodicals, include as much of the following as can be determined: author of the content, title of the page, title or owner of the site, URL." -- If this is difficult to determine, please feel free to ask a librarian for help with identification.

Form for Additional Footnote References

Use this form after the first complete reference if only one work by this author is used: 2. Kelly, 256.
Use this form for additional references when more than one work by this author is used: 2. Kelly, "Double Vision," 81.
Last update: December 9, 2004
Comments to: web editor
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